By analyzing profiles created from preserved evidence gathered at crime scenes, DNA has been instrumental in solving cold cases
For humans and most other living things, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic blueprint; DNA is found in almost every cell. Although a small amount is found in mitochondria as mitochondrial DNA, it is primarily found in the cell nucleus as nuclear DNA. Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) are the four chemical bases that make up DNA. These bases pair specifically (A with T and C with G) to form base pairs.
These bases form nucleotides that come together to form a double helix structure when they are joined to sugar and phosphate molecules. Similar to how letters combine to form words, the arrangement of these bases encodes the information required for the growth and upkeep of organisms. In order to ensure that newly formed cells retain the same DNA as the original, DNA must be able to replicate, creating exact copies of itself.
Identification and DNA
Like a fingerprint, DNA is a biological identifier that enables unique individual identification, much like an Aadhaar number does for social security. 46 DNA molecules, 23 from the mother and 23 from the father, are found inside chromosomes in every cell in the body. For example, 6.5% of the DNA is found in chromosome 3.
The technique known as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used to amplify particular DNA sequences, even from very small DNA samples. To replicate the desired sequence, the process comprises separating the DNA strands, affixing primers to the target sequences, and using DNA polymerase. In about 50 minutes, millions of copies can be produced using this technique.
Uses for DNA Fingerprints
Applications for DNA fingerprints include matching organ donors, forensic science, paternity testing, and disaster victim identification. By locating suspects or exonerating wrongfully accused people, they can also help solve cold cases.
Relevance
Because DNA is so stable, researchers have been able to extract it from ancient human remains—some of which date back 65,000 years. Because of its stability, DNA is a valuable tool for utilizing archival materials to solve crimes.
Odisha to recruit 45,000 primary school teachers over next three years
NCERT introduces Indian classical art forms in school textbooks for Classes 3 to 8
Delhi Metro raises fares for first time since 2017 with minimum ticket now ₹11, maximum ₹64
Rajasthan HC orders closure of 86,000 unsafe classrooms in govt schools
India will buy oil “from wherever it gets the best deal,” says envoy amid US tariff pressure
Delhi Metro raises fares for first time since 2017 with minimum ticket now ₹11, maximum ₹64
Cheteshwar Pujara retires as India’s last great Test match guardian
Rahul Gandhi, Tejashwi Yadav ride Bullet bikes in Bihar during “Voter Adhikar Yatra”
Pune couple dies days apart after liver transplant surgery at Sahyadri Hospital
Lucknow lawyer gets life term for orchestrating false rape cases under SC/ST Act
Odisha to recruit 45,000 primary school teachers over next three years
NCERT introduces Indian classical art forms in school textbooks for Classes 3 to 8
Delhi Metro raises fares for first time since 2017 with minimum ticket now ₹11, maximum ₹64
Rajasthan HC orders closure of 86,000 unsafe classrooms in govt schools
India will buy oil “from wherever it gets the best deal,” says envoy amid US tariff pressure
Delhi Metro raises fares for first time since 2017 with minimum ticket now ₹11, maximum ₹64
Cheteshwar Pujara retires as India’s last great Test match guardian
Rahul Gandhi, Tejashwi Yadav ride Bullet bikes in Bihar during “Voter Adhikar Yatra”
Pune couple dies days apart after liver transplant surgery at Sahyadri Hospital
Lucknow lawyer gets life term for orchestrating false rape cases under SC/ST Act
Copyright© educationpost.in 2024 All Rights Reserved.
Designed and Developed by @Pyndertech