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India-UK Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA)

India and the United Kingdom formalized a Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) while Prime Minister Narendra Modi was in the U.K.

Deeksha Upadhyay 26 July 2025 15:54

India-UK Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA)

This signifies India’s first significant FTA in more than ten years and the UK’s fourth since leaving the European Union (EU) in 2020.

After more than three years of negotiations, the trade agreement between India and the UK was finalized.

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Objective: Simplifying and enhancing trade between India and the United Kingdom.

The two nations' bilateral trade is approximately USD 56 billion, with a shared objective to double this amount by 2030.

The agreement will take effect after being ratified by both nations.

Although the Union Cabinet in India has green-lighted the agreement, it must still gain approval from the UK Parliament.

Main Features and Advantages:

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Duty-free entry to the UK market for 99% of Indian goods: This represents a significant success for Indian exports, particularly in labor-intensive industries such as textiles, footwear, gems and jewelry, and engineering products, which earlier encountered tariffs ranging from 4% to 16%.

Simplified access for Indian professionals: The accord guarantees temporary entry to the UK market for Indian professionals such as chefs, yoga teachers, and IT experts.

Exemption from social security payments: According to the Double Contribution Convention agreement, Indian employees temporarily assigned to the UK may be exempt from social security contributions for a period of three years, providing substantial savings for both them and their employers.

Manufacturing Surge: Industries such as electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food processing, and plastics are anticipated to experience an increase in exports.

Support for Agriculture and Fisheries: Indian farmers and the fishing industry will gain from tariff-free entry for numerous agricultural and seafood items, enhancing their competitiveness in the UK market.

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Lowered tariffs on almost 90% of UK goods entering India: This will result in British products being more cost-effective in India.

Access to Indian Federal Government Procurement Tenders: UK companies can submit bids for Indian government contracts exceeding a specific threshold, creating a sizable market.

Benefits for professional and financial services: The agreement contains pledges that help UK businesses in the fields of finance, IT, and professional services like engineering and consulting.

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