India Signs Critical Minerals Agreement with Brazil

India and Brazil have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance cooperation in the exploration, mining, processing, and recycling of critical minerals. The agreement is part of India’s broader strategy to secure reliable access to essential raw materials required for high-technology and clean energy sectors.

Critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and rare earth elements are essential for manufacturing semiconductors, batteries, renewable energy systems, and advanced defence equipment. The agreement supports India’s National Critical Mineral Mission, which aims to ensure long-term supply security and reduce dependence on imports from limited global sources.

Brazil, which possesses abundant reserves of several critical minerals, is an important partner in helping India diversify its supply chains. The cooperation will also promote technology exchange, joint research, and sustainable mining practices between the two countries.

This development strengthens India’s efforts toward technological self-reliance and energy transition. Securing access to critical minerals is crucial for supporting India’s semiconductor manufacturing, electric mobility, renewable energy expansion, and defence modernisation. The agreement also enhances economic cooperation between India and Brazil while improving India’s strategic resilience in key emerging sectors.