Researchers at the Bose Institute in Kolkata, who have developed an improved CRISPR tool to help plants fend off bacterial infections and heat stress

What Is It?

A modified CRISPR tool employing dCas9 (dead Cas9) serves as a gene switch, enabling the activation or deactivation of defense genes without cleaving DNA.

The device is engineered to function solely during plant stress—like heat waves or infections.

Created By: Bose Institute, an independent entity under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India.

Functionality Overview?

Researchers utilized a segment of a natural tomato protein (named NACMTF3) to restrain the CRISPR switch (dCas9) away from the plant's control center (nucleus).

When the plant encounters stress such as heat or illness, the hold is lifted, and the CRISPR switch relocates within the nucleus.

Within, it activates beneficial genes that assist the plant in combating heat and diseases.

This system conserves energy since it operates only when the plant is at risk.

Main Characteristics:

Functions solely when required: Genes activate exclusively in response to heat or illness stress.

Secure and natural: Utilizes a tomato protein, ensuring it's safe and environmentally friendly.

Stimulates beneficial genes: Activates CBP60g and SARD1 (to combat bacteria) and NAC2 and HSFA6b (to manage heat).

Safeguards in two manners: Aids plants in enduring both high temperatures and illnesses.

No DNA alteration: This variation of CRISPR does not modify the DNA, making it safer for future agricultural applications.

Importance:

Climate-resilient farming: Improves plant endurance amid erratic weather, heat extremes, and pathogen incidents.

Intelligent input management: Plants use the tool solely when necessary, conserving energy and enhancing productivity.

Food security: Enhances the sustainability of yields in essential crops such as tomato, potato, brinjal, and chili.

Global relevance: Offers potential benefits for solanaceous crops globally, aiding farmers in coping with climate challenges.

Research significance: Featured in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, confirming worldwide scientific importance.