In Krem Mawjymbuin Cave in the East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, a team of Indian zoologists discovered Schistura densiclava, a new species of cave-dwelling fish

What Is It?

Schistura densiclava is a recently identified troglophile loach that can thrive in both subterranean (hypogean) and surface (epigean) habitats.

Is part of the Nemacheilidae family (stone loaches).

Scientific Name: Schistura densiclava

Densiclava translates to “thick stripe” in Latin, indicating the prominent band close to its dorsal fin.

Main Characteristics:

Dual Habitat Adaptation: Flourishes in low-oxygen, 18°C cave waters, while maintaining coloration and eyesight, in contrast to typical cave fish.

Unique Look:

Light yellow-green body featuring 14–20 dark stripes.

Males have a leaner appearance with puffy cheeks, whereas females are wider and exhibit uniform patterns.

Distinct Nutrition: Consumes copepods, insect remains, shrimps, and bat feces, showing adaptability in nutrient-poor environments.

Ecological Endemism: Located solely within Krem Mawjymbuin, indicating it is unique to this cave system.

Genetic Separation: DNA testing verifies that it is genetically distinct from other Schistura species in Northeast India.

Concerning Mawjymbuin Cave:

Found in: Mawjymbuin Cave, or Krem Mawjymbuin, is located in the village of Mawsynram, in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya.

Main Characteristics of the Cave:

Natural Limestone Creation: The cave consists of calcareous sandstone and contains many stalagmites resulting from calcium carbonate accumulation.

Geological Significance: Contains distinctive stalagmite and stalactite structures, drawing geologists and researchers for fieldwork.

Symper Rock: An impressive dome-like rock featuring a flat top situated in the cave formation, recognized as Symper Rock.